Determine
how much you can afford, then how much of this you are willing to pay. Tell
your Realtor® the maximum you can/will pay and let the Realtor® decide the price
range of properties to show you, in order to reach this.
Prequalification
or Preapproval
This is a beneficial first step. It helps both you and the Realtor® by knowing
the price home you can afford, and it also points out any potential qualifying
problems early, so that you may be able to have them resolved early rather
than delaying a closing or even losing a home you want. It also helps you
in the negotiating stage as the Sellers will want assurance that you can purchase
the home. A prequalification can be done rather quickly, and can be done by
phone. It lets you know what you can afford, and basically is saying that
IF what you say is correct and can be verified, they SHOULD be able to grant
the loan. A preapproval is actually an approval of your loan, subject only
to the house qualifying, i.e. subject to its appraisal and inspections. This
step will require a signed loan application, and probably the payment of a
fee for the credit report. You should determine how long this approval is
good for, and whether it locks in an interest rate, or how it would vary if
the rate changes.
The Search
Make out a two lists of what you are looking for in a house: those things
that you MUST have, and those things that you would LIKE to have. When talking
to your Realtor®, go over not only what you want, but why you want those things
- a good Realtor® may be able to suggest homes that don't meet your stated
requirements, but do meet your needs.
Shop with
a pad of paper - make notes. It's usually helpful to name houses, so you and
your Realtor® can more easily talk about them and know you are referring to
the same house. Past buyers have come up with such labels as The Pink House,
The Grumpy Lady's House, the House with the 3 dogs, the House with the Neat
Kitchen, etc. Years later you may still remember some of the labels and
homes and laugh.
Share
your feelings with your Realtor® - not just Yes or No, but what things you
liked and did not like about each house. Your agent should begin to see a
pattern, and set his creativity to work. The first day's appointments were
made ahead of time, but the second time out the homes chosen should reflect
the information gleaned the first time. By the third time, if the agent just
doesn't get it - it may be time to choose another agent.
The Offer
When you're ready to make an offer on one, have your agent do a market analysis
on the home - what have comparable homes sold for in the area, how do they
compare to this home, what others are on the market - and have him review
it with you. Your offer should be made based on what the home is worth rather
than on the listing price of the home. There are no hard and fast rules on
negotiating strategy - it depends on the situation and the parties involved.
Rely on your Realtor® here, which is one of the places that experience counts
- successful experience, that is.
Once the
terms are acceptable to both sides and all parties have initialed all the
changes, the date of the last signature or initial becomes the effective
date of the contract, which is the trigger for many of the time frames
in the contract. Until all parties have initialled all changes, you don't
have to have a contract!
Between Contract
and Closing
You/your Realtor® should schedule the inspection immediately - the good
inspectors may be backed up for weeks ahead, so schedule as soon as you can.
Sometimes I schedule the inspection as soon as the negotiations start, if
I think they will be successful, in order to get the inspector of choice within
the time frame. The Florida Association of Realtor®s contract provides that
this must be done within ten business days of the effective date. See separate
section on Inspections. You may want to also have a roof inspection. If you
are purchasing a home on the water, you will want to have a seawall inspection
done as well. (Damage to seawalls, docks and swimming pools are not covered
by flood insurance.) If you want to have inspections for radon, lead-based
paint, environmental hazards, etc. you will need to have these completed within
the same period. Pest control inspections are generally not done until 30
days before closing, due to lender requirements.
Bring
a copy of the fully executed contract to your lender. If you have not made
written loan application, do so now. Be sure the lender notes the deadlines
not only for closing, but for written loan approval. Tell the lender that
you want a copy of the closing statement at least two days prior to closing.
Be sure to make formal application (signed application, along with check for
any application fee) within the time specified in the contract. If you do
not do this timely, the financing contingency may be declared null and void.
Have your lender fax your Realtor® the loan application that has been made.
The lender
will order your credit report and order the appraisal of the
property.
You/your
lender/your Realtor® will order the survey. This used to be done at
the end of the process, once your loan received written approval. Due to insurance
requirements, especially if an elevation certification is required, this should
now be done soon after you have a contract. Ask your lender to order this
right away.
Start
on your insurance now. If a hurricane is within a certain distance
of Florida, JUA (the Joint Underwriting Association of the state of Florida)
will not issue policies unless they have already been paid for in full - one
year we had a series of hurricanes and one came into the zone before the others
left, so there can be a long block of time that insurance is not issued. Find
out if you will need a flood elevation certificate. If so, this should be
ordered at the same time as your survey, as it is less expensive when done
at the same time. The lender - conservative in your interest - may not order
the survey until after your loan is approved. This time delay is now conflicting
with insurance requirements, so you may want to authorize ordering this right
away.
At least
two weeks prior to closing, arrange for the utilities to be turned on in your
name as of the date of closing. Most of them will require an advance deposit
from you. Your funds
to close must be paid by a locally drawn cashier's check (made out
to the title company) or wired funds. Many title companies have begun requiring
that all funds are sent via electronic wire or closing must wait until
the cashiers check has been deposited and the funds have "cleared." This
is not information you want to find out when you arrive at the title
company or closing location on the day of closing with your moving truck
full of possessions in the parking lot. |